State maps · Crypto, data centers, privacy
Where the digital economy lives
Crypto ownership, a Data Center Friendly score (with economic-impact labels), and a state privacy score. Hover or tap any state for its numbers and source.
Scores as of Nov 14, 2026 · How scores work →
Crypto holders by state
Estimated holders as a share of each state's total population. Hover or tap a state.
<15.7% ≥15.7% ≥17.5% ≥19.0% ≥21.3% n/a
Source: National Cryptocurrency Association, 2026 State of Crypto Holders Report (Harris Poll survey of 10,000 holders, Feb 12–Mar 3, 2026, modeled to states); state table and % of population via OpenSea. Estimates, not counts. DC: covered by NCA but no published figure, shown n/a.
Data Center Friendly score
0–100, higher = friendlier to data centers. Color is the letter grade. Labels are announced investment of paused or canceled projects (minus, low end of a range). Hover or tap a state for the grade, governor and impact; actions, dates, sources and estimate caveats are in the tables below.
A ≥90 B 70–89 C 50–69 D 25–49 F <25 n/a
Economic impact on the map (announced investment of paused or canceled projects; delayed, not necessarily lost):
- Oregon −$8.95B (range $8.95B–$12.95B)
- Texas −$2.2B
- New York −$2B
These labels are listed here on small screens so they stay readable. No plus figures are shown.
Data Center Friendly score (as of Nov 14, 2026). Higher is friendlier to data centers. 50% state policy (100 if there is no in-force state pause, block, cancellation or incentive moratorium; 35 for an incentive pause only; 0 for a permit or approval pause or a canceled state contract), 25% a data-center-specific sales and use tax exemption in law (100 active, 40 paused, 0 none found), 25% facility presence (log scale of listed facilities, Data Center Map, Nov 6, 2026). Pledges, including incoming governors in Texas and Ohio, failed or unsigned bills, conditions-only frameworks, and local or county actions are not scored. Estimate: announced investment of paused or canceled projects; mostly delayed, not lost. Minus labels use the low end of a range; the full range is in the table. Unknown values are shown as unknown. Nothing is modeled. No plus (new or expanded project) dollar figures are shown; public trackers disagree widely, so no plus number is published rather than guessed.
| State | Grade | Governor | Party | Impact | Paused / canceled | Facilities | Sales/use exemption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virginia | A 100.0 | Abigail Spanberger | D | — | none identified | 710 | Active exemption |
| Georgia | A 96.7 | Brian Kemp | R | — | none identified | 301 | Active exemption |
| Pennsylvania | A 95.6 | Josh Shapiro | D | — | none identified | 222 | Active exemption |
| Indiana | A 94.4 | Mike Braun | R | — | none identified | 164 | Active exemption |
| Iowa | A 93.2 | Kim Reynolds | R | — | none identified | 117 | Active exemption |
| Washington | A 93.2 | Bob Ferguson | D | — | none identified | 118 | Active exemption |
| Florida | A 93.0 | Ron DeSantis | R | — | none identified | 112 | Active exemption |
| North Carolina | A 92.7 | Josh Stein | D | — | none identified | 104 | Active exemption |
| Missouri | A 92.4 | Mike Kehoe | R | — | none identified | 95 | Active exemption |
| Nevada | A 91.9 | Joe Lombardo | R | — | none identified | 83 | Active exemption |
| Michigan | A 91.8 | Gretchen Whitmer | D | — | none identified | 82 | Active exemption |
| Minnesota | A 91.7 | Tim Walz | D | — | none identified | 80 | Active exemption |
| Tennessee | A 91.0 | Bill Lee | R | — | none identified | 65 | Active exemption |
| Kentucky | A 90.5 | Andy Beshear | D | — | none identified | 58 | Active exemption |
| Utah | A 90.5 | Spencer Cox | R | — | none identified | 58 | Active exemption |
| South Carolina | A 90.3 | Henry McMaster | R | — | none identified | 55 | Active exemption |
| Wisconsin | A 90.3 | Tony Evers | D | — | none identified | 55 | Active exemption |
| Alabama | A 90.2 | Kay Ivey | R | — | none identified | 53 | Active exemption |
| Maryland | A 90.0 | Wes Moore | D | — | none identified | 50 | Active exemption |
| Kansas | B 89.0 | Laura Kelly | D | — | none identified | 39 | Active exemption |
| Mississippi | B 88.5 | Tate Reeves | R | — | none identified | 34 | Active exemption |
| Louisiana | B 88.4 | Jeff Landry | R | — | none identified | 33 | Active exemption |
| Wyoming | B 88.3 | Mark Gordon | R | — | none identified | 32 | Active exemption |
| North Dakota | B 87.7 | Kelly Armstrong | R | — | none identified | 27 | Active exemption |
| Connecticut | B 86.9 | Ned Lamont | D | — | none identified | 22 | Active exemption |
| Arkansas | B 85.8 | Sarah Huckabee Sanders | R | — | none identified | 16 | Active exemption |
| California | B 71.7 | Gavin Newsom | D | — | none identified | 301 | None found |
| Colorado | C 66.0 | Jared Polis | D | — | none identified | 66 | None found |
| Oklahoma | C 65.3 | Kevin Stitt | R | — | none identified | 55 | None found |
| Montana | C 63.1 | Greg Gianforte | R | — | none identified | 30 | None found |
| New Mexico | C 62.9 | Michelle Lujan Grisham | D | — | none identified | 29 | None found |
| Idaho | C 62.5 | Brad Little | R | — | none identified | 26 | None found |
| Delaware | C 61.4 | Matt Meyer | D | — | none identified | 19 | None found |
| West Virginia | C 59.8 | Patrick Morrisey | R | — | none identified | 12 | None found |
| Maine | C 59.5 | Janet Mills | D | — | none identified | 11 | None found |
| New Hampshire | C 59.1 | Kelly Ayotte | R | — | none identified | 10 | None found |
| South Dakota | C 59.1 | Larry Rhoden | R | — | none identified | 10 | None found |
| Alaska | C 58.4 | Mike Dunleavy | R | — | none identified | 8 | None found |
| Hawaii | C 58.4 | Josh Green | D | — | none identified | 8 | None found |
| Rhode Island | C 57.9 | Dan McKee | D | — | none identified | 7 | None found |
| Vermont | C 55.3 | Phil Scott | R | — | none identified | 3 | None found |
| Texas | D 49.3 | Greg Abbott Incoming: Gina Hinojosa (D), Jan 19, 2027 | R | −$2.2B | 19 (1 canceled, 18 paused) | 595 | Active exemption |
| Ohio | D 48.7 | Mike DeWine Incoming: Amy Acton (D), Jan 11, 2027 | R | — | none identified | 258 | Exemption paused |
| Illinois | D 48.3 | JB Pritzker | D | — | none identified | 237 | Exemption paused |
| Arizona | D 47.1 | Katie Hobbs | D | — | none identified | 173 | Exemption paused |
| Massachusetts | D 41.6 | Maura Healey | D | — | none identified | 40 | Exemption paused |
| New Jersey | D 33.5 | Mikie Sherrill | D | — | none identified | 65 | None found |
| Nebraska | D 31.3 | Jim Pillen | R | — | none identified | 37 | None found |
| New York | F 18.9 | Kathy Hochul | D | −$2B | 2 (0 canceled, 2 paused); 2 uncertain, not counted | 141 | None found |
| Oregon | F 18.8 | Tina Kotek | D | −$8.95B (range $8.95B–$12.95B) | 4 (2 canceled, 2 paused) | 138 | None found |
State actions, dates and estimate caveats
Detail that used to appear in the hover lives here. A state appears in this table when the state government has a pause, block, cancellation or incentive moratorium in force or already done.
| State | Grade | Policy | Actions and dates | Estimate | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | D 49.3 | permit pause or canceled state contract | Aug 3, 2026: Directive to PUCT and ERCOT: audit all data centers in ERCOT interconnection; no project moves forward until audited; non-compliant projects denied grid connection; Sep 21, 2026: Directive to TCEQ: halt all permits sought by data centers until ERCOT audit completes; other agencies not to advance approvals; Oct 22, 2026: TCEQ suspends 17 stormwater/wastewater authorizations for data center projects and shuts its STEERS e-filing portal | $2.2B (+18 with unknown $) | source · source · source · source |
| Oregon | F 18.8 | permit pause or canceled state contract | Jul 30, 2026: Governor directs DAS to terminate the state's contract to sell ~32 acres at Mill Creek Corporate Center (Salem) for the Verrus data center; Sep 8, 2026: Pause on state-property requests (easements, rights-of-way, leases, land-use permits, sales) for data center projects; Oct 9, 2026: Letter to DEQ: pause processing/issuing NPDES, WPCF, ACDP and Title V permits for new or expanded data centers, plus municipal wastewater permit changes to take data center discharge; Jun 5, 2026: HB 4084 standard enterprise-zone exemption pause for data centers | $8.95B–$12.95B (+1 with unknown $) | source · source · source · source |
| New York | F 18.9 | permit pause or canceled state contract | Jul 14, 2026: Executive Order 62: temporary moratorium on DEC discretionary permits for data centers of 50 MW or more | $2B (+1 with unknown $) | source · source · source · source |
| Illinois | D 48.3 | incentive pause only | Jul 1, 2026: Governor directs DCEO to stop processing Data Center Investment Program applications and agreements | unknown | source · source |
| Arizona | D 47.1 | incentive pause only | Jul 1, 2026: HB 4168 / SB 1861: three-year pause on new data center tax-relief applications | unknown | source · source |
| Ohio | D 48.7 | incentive pause only | May 27, 2026: Governor directs Tax Credit Authority to pause new data center sales-tax exemption requests while a joint legislative committee studies | unknown | source · source |
| Nebraska | D 31.3 | incentive pause only | Jul 20, 2026: EO 26-17: review of ImagiNE Nebraska incentives; governor said data center ImagiNE applications will not be approved | unknown | source · source · source |
| Massachusetts | D 41.6 | incentive pause only | Jun 25, 2026: Halt on data center sales and use tax exemption applications; Sep 8, 2026: EO 658: state permits for new/expanded data centers >25 MW require framework conformance and a community benefits agreement (condition, not a pause) | unknown | source · source |
| New Jersey | D 33.5 | incentive pause only | Aug 27, 2026: P.L. 2026 c.77 End Data Center Tax Credits Act: Next NJ-AI credit cap cut from $500M to $250M; program closed to new applicants | unknown | source · source |
Main sources: Data Center Map, USA (facility counts, retrieved Nov 6, 2026); Megawatt Index, Data Center Tax Incentives by State (updated Oct 16, 2026, statute-cited); this tracker’s States Against Data Centers file; sitting governors from the National Governors Association directory as compiled at usgovmadesimple.com (as of Nov 5, 2026). Every pause claim has a URL in the source data.
Local and county actions (not counted or scored)
Tagged by state; NOT counted as state actions. Sample of major ones. Trackers count hundreds of local moratoria (The Uptime Report: 558 active local moratoria in 45 states plus 91 local bans as of Nov 2, 2026).
- Oregon: Salem — City data center moratorium; NDA ban; code interpretation that could block Verrus (vote delayed) (2026)
- Oregon: Hillsboro — 120-day pause from Jul 27; permanent rules cap data centers at ~600 acres (Jul 27, 2026)
- Texas: San Marcos — Zoning ban on data centers in all districts (4–3) (Jun 16, 2026)
- Texas: Brownsville — Application pause Nov 5, 2026–Feb 3, 2027 (final passage reported) (Nov 5, 2026)
- New York: Lansing / Tompkins County area — Local moratorium debate on large-scale development (TeraWulf opposed) (2026)
- Arizona: Pima County — 120-day pause on new development in unincorporated county (Sep 22, 2026)
- Illinois: Lake County — Moratorium on new data center applications to May 11, 2027 (2026)
- Ohio: 21 local ballot measures (Nov 3) incl. prohibitions in Conneaut, Defiance, Granville, Hubbard, Pataskala, Piqua, Sunbury, Trenton, Urbana — Bans/size caps passed by voters (Nov 3, 2026)
- Maryland: Montgomery County — Bill 19-26E: building/grading permit pause for >=25 MW data centers to Feb 10, 2028 (Aug 10, 2026)
- North Carolina: Charlotte — Pause on new data-storage facility applications to Oct 18, 2027 (Oct 26, 2026)
- Kentucky: Lexington-Fayette — Moratorium extended to Oct 31, 2027 (Oct 8, 2026)
- Oklahoma: Oklahoma City — Pause for loads >75 MW, extended to Dec 31, 2027 (Nov 10, 2026)
- Washington: Seattle — Ordinance 127447: no new/expanded data centers above 20 MVA to ~Jun 11, 2027 (Jun 11, 2026)
- New Mexico: Santa Fe County — 18-month pause for data centers >=1 MW (Jul 9, 2026)
- Nevada: Reno — Pause on new conditional-use permits to Aug 31, 2027 (Jun 1, 2026)
- Kansas: El Dorado, Emporia, Ottawa — Voter-approved prohibitions (Nov 3) (Nov 3, 2026)
- Maine: North Berwick + 7 towns — Voter-approved permanent ban (North Berwick) and temporary moratoria (Nov 3, 2026)
Source: Data Center Map, USA, retrieved Nov 6, 2026 (listed facilities, not capacity); Megawatt Index sales and use tax exemptions, updated Oct 16, 2026; this tracker’s state-action file, research compiled Nov 14, 2026.
Privacy score by state
70% representation (average Privacy pillar score of the state's seated members of Congress who have one) + 30% state law (70 pts for a comprehensive consumer privacy law, 30 pts for a cited anti-CBDC or self-custody law). If no member of the delegation has a Privacy score, the state is n/a.
A ≥90 B 70–89 C 50–69 D 25–49 F <25 n/a
Source: Representation: this tracker's member Privacy scores. State law: IAPP US State Privacy Legislation Tracker (23 signed laws as of Sept 8, 2026); anti-CBDC/self-custody laws cited per state in data/states_privacy_law.json (Michigan Tech. L. Rev., NCSL 2025 summary, WY, SC). Only 12 of ~16 anti-CBDC states are individually cited so far, so some states may be under-credited.
Donate to support the research · About & Tips · Paul Barron Network: Home · Research · Membership · Digital Freedom Tracker v1.5. Sources: congress.gov, senate.gov, clerk.house.gov, FEC, unitedstates/congress-legislators, and cited press. Scores are editorial analysis, not endorsements. Every scored item links to its source in the member's expanded card.